vendredi 8 février 2019

Hafford, famille

La famille Hafford dans le Haut-Madawaska:
de valeureux pionniers et de courageux défricheurs
Photo tirée d'Ancestry
Des membres des familles Hafford & McBreairty à Allagash ME.
Aucune autre photo ne représente mieux la famille Hafford.

Recensement de 1831 de Deane & Kavanaugh 
sur la rive Nord (côté Clair) du Haut-Madawaska
https://www.upperstjohn.com/about.htm

1. Introduction
Les Acadiens et les Acadiennes ont fondé le Madawaska après avoir été chassés de la région de Frederiction (Écoupag) par les Loyalistes, eux-mêmes chassés des États-Unis en 1783. Ils ont choisi cette région éloignée pour ne pas être «déportés» une 3e fois. En s'informant auprès de ces familles acadiennes, on peut en apprendre sur cette période de l'histoire du Haut-Madawaska. Mieux encore, le Musée du Madawaska à Edmundston conserve une documentation étonnante sur l'histoire de notre région.

Plusieurs d'entre vous connaissent les recenseurs américains John G. Deane & Edward Kavanagh parce qu'ils nous ont transmis de précieux documents que vous pouvez consulter sur le site suivant: 

J'ai choisi d'extraire une information du recensement de 1831. Certes, il n'est pas comparable au recensement américain de 1830 qui est énormément plus complet. Le recensement de 1831 n'est pas complet parce que la majorité des habitants ont refusé de répondre à leurs questions. Déjà en 1831, on craignait que la région serait annexée aux États-Unis, ce qui ne faisait pas le bonheur des résidents de la rive Nord (côté Clair). À noter qu'il y avait autant de francophones sur la rive Sud (côté Fort Kent). 

J'aborderai le recensement national américain de 1830 plus tard. Vous serez surpris d'y voir vos ancêtres québécois qui étaient déjà nombreux à cette date. Plusieurs familles québécoises étaient déjà établies dans le Haut-Madawaska. Pour l'instant, j'ai choisi de me concentrer sur la famille de John Hafford présente à Clair à partir de 1815, il semble.
Cependant, on constate dans le recensement américain de 1830 que la famille Hafford a un pied-à-terre à Connors. Ça ne signifie pas pour autant que les Hafford n'étaient pas établis en 1815 dans la région de Clair. J'espère trouver de la documentation sur le sujet.

Dans le Registre Poitras de St-François, on constate que plusieurs Hafford y paraissent. J'ai décidé de vous en informer et de tenter d'en savoir davantage sur cette famille qui originait du Maine, évidemment. Le fait qu'on ait fait baptiser des enfants à St-François implique qu'on était présents sur la rive Nord. Mais, ces Hafford ont pu tout aussi bien demeurr dans la région de Fort Kent, de St-Francis et d'Eagle Lake. Ce n'est qu'en 1842, lors du traité Webster-Ashburton, que le fleuve Saint-Jean a servi de ligne de démarcation entre la frontière canado-américaine.
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_Webster-Ashburton
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_Webster-Ashburton
Il est clair que les Hafford se sont établis sur les deux rives, le resensement de Deane & Kavanagh en fait foi. Le recensement de 1827 montre aussi tous les membres de la famille de John Hafford et leurs propriétés, bien qu'il me soit impossible de déterminer l'emplacement exact de chacune de leurs propriétés. Voilà pourquoi le recensement de Deane & Kavanaugh est précieux, car il indique que les Hafford avaient des propriétés sur la rive Nord (côté Clair & Saint-François).
En voulant mieux connaître cette famille Hafford, je me suis heurté aux mêmes difficultés que leurs descendants au Maine. Je tenais tout de même à ce que cette famille figure dans le site des généalogies des familles de Clair, évidemment. Quelles sont ces difficutlés?

(1) Les Hafford étaient au départ de religion anglicane. Aucun arbre de famille sur Ancestry ne relate des documents conservés par cette Église. Par chance, j'en ai trouvé un (1899) à l'Église anglicane de Québec. L'Église anglicane n'avait sûrement pas un pied-à-terre à Fort Kent en 1815.

(2) Les Hafford vivaient leur époque et ils étaient des bûcherons. Ce n'est que plus tard qu'ils sont devenus des propriétaires de fermes.

(3) Aucun mariage Hafford n'a été documenté dans le Haut-Madawaska par l'Église catholique, même si plusieurs Hafford se sont mariés avec des résident.e.s catholiques de la région, des deux côtés du fleuve Saint-Jean. Quelques-uns des Hafford ont été baptisés par l'Église catholique à un âge très avancé. Des épouses de certains Hafford avaient comme patronyme Michaud, Plourde, Anctil dit Saint-Jean et Gendreau. On comprend pourquoi certains descendants Hafford ont été baptisés à l'Église catholique au fil du temps. 

(4) En 1820, par exemple, c'est à St-Basile que les événements ecclésiastiques étaient enregistrés. Plus tard, on a construit l'église de Ste-Luce (Frenchville), ensuite celle de St-François (1859) et, finalement, celle de St-Hilaire (1869) et de Clair (1889). À cette époque, les moyens de transport étant rudimentaires, il fallait attendre la venue du curé. Je ne sais pas combien de ces événements religeux étaient célébrés sur place où à l'église. 

(5) Les Hafford vivaient des deux côtés du fleuve Saint-Jean.

(6) Si les Hafford sont peu présents dans les registres ecclésiastiques, il est possible de connaître leur cheminement à travers les recensements, des documents toujours précieux en généalogie. Les descendants de John I & Mary ont certainement trouvé au Maine des documents ecclésiastiques en se rendant sur place. Ils ont des informations qu'on ne retrouve pas actuellement sur Ancestry.

(7) Quoiqu'il en soit, les Hafford cités dans les recensements ci-haut sont bien connus de leurs descendants. Cependant, comme pour d'autres familles, un même prénom était attibué de père en fils, ce qui complique la tâche en généalogie. Aussi, le nom courant attribué à un individu ne correspondait pas toujours au nom inscrit sur le certificat de baptême. Pour empirer les choses, les Américains ont déformé les noms français donnés à plusieurs enfants de la famille Hafford.

Les descendants Hafford ont porté moins d'attention aux Hafford du Nouveau-Brunswick. Avec l'aide du Registre Poitras de Saint-François, nous pouvons améliorer leur arbre de famille.

Tous les Hafford cités dans le registre Poitras ont comme ancêtre John Hafford & Mary Grant. Comme certains sont des descendants de leurs fils, il était difficile de créer un document semblable à ceux dont je vous ai habitué. Je vous présente tout de même un petit tableau des premiers Hafford à fouler le sol du Madawaska. J'ai aussi profité du Registre Poitras de Saint-François pour vous faire part de tous les baptêmes Hafford. Je me répète: aucun mariage Hafford du côté canadien.

John Hafford & Mary Grant ont eu au moins trois enfants: John II, Phineas Randall & Sophie.
John II & Martha McKenney ont eu neuf (9) enfants, dont Germain (Gerry) qui a marié Philomène Plourde née le 24 février 1839 à St-Basile, fille d'Ignace & Émilie Lizotte qui étaient originaires de Rivière-Ouelle et qui vivaient à Saint-François.

Ma présentation est quelque peu disparate parce que je visais, non pas à identifier une seule lignée paternelle comme je le fais d'habitude, mais à identifier les descendants de plusieurs lignées à la fois. Je vise donc à partager mes résultats avec les gérant.e.s d'arbres de la famille Hafford, en espérant qu'ils y trouveront leur compte.
2. Translation of the Introduction
for English-speaking managers of family trees
The Acadians founded Madawaska after being chased out of the Frederiction (Écoupag) area by the Loyalists, who were themselves driven out of the United States in 1783. They chose this remote region not to be "deported" a 3rd time. By learning about these Acadian families, we can learn about this period in the history of Upper Madawaska. Best of all, the Madawaska Museum in Edmundston has amazing documentation about the history of our region.

Many of you are familiar with American the enumerators John G. Deane & Edward Kavanagh because they provided us with valuable documents that you can find on the following site:
https://www.upperstjohn.com/about.htm

I chose to extract information from the 1831 census. Of course, it is not comparable to the 1830 census of the United States, which is far more complete and revealing. The 1831 census is not complete because the majority of residents refused to answer their questions. Already in 1831, it was feared that the region would be annexed to the United States, which did not make the happiness of the residents of the North shore (Clair side). Note that there were as many French-speaking people on the South Shore (Fort Kent side).

I will discuss the 1830 US National Census later. You will be surprised to see your ancestors from Quebec who were already numerous at this date. Several Quebec families were already established in Upper Madawaska. For now, I have chosen to focus on John Hafford’s family present at Clair from 1815, so it seems.

In the Poitras Register of St-Francois NB several Haffords are listed. All of them are baptisms, but not a single marriage. I decided to inform you about it and try to find out more about this Hafford family from Maine. The fact that they had children baptized in St-François and in Ste-Luce (Frenchville) dis not mean that they were from these locations, not at all. These Haffords could have been living in Fort Kent, St. Francis ME and Eagle Lake ME, or even Clair NB. It was not until 1842, during the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, that the Saint John River served as a dividing line between the Canada-USA border.

It is clear that the Hafford settled on both sides of the St.John River, as the Deane & Kavanagh census shows, and that’s the reason why the 1827 Deane & Kavanagh census is so important. The 1827 census also shows that all members of John Hafford's family owned some land on the Canadian side, although it is impossible for me to determine the exact location of each of their properties.

In hoping to learn more about this Hafford family, I encountered the same difficulties as their descendants in Maine. I still wanted this family to be on the Clair Family Genealogy website, of course. What are these difficulties?

(1) The Haffords belonged originally to the Anglican religion. Many became catholics aver time. There is only one document published by the Anglican Church in 1899.

(2) The Haffords lived their time and they were loggers. Only later did they become farm owners. Their progress is quite similar to the other residents of Madawaska. But, the Haffords seem to be more daring because they went deep in the woods many times to develop areas well-known now, especially the Allagash. They have shown, I think, exceptional courage in doing so.

(3) No Hafford marriage was documented in Upper Madawaska by the Catholic Church, although many Hafford were married to Catholic residents of the area on both sides of the St. John River. Some of the Haffords were baptized by the Catholic Church at a very advanced age. Wives of some Haffords had as surname Michaud, Plourde, Anctil dit Saint-Jean and Gendreau. It is understandable why some Hafford descendants were baptized to the Catholic Church over time.

(4) In 1820, for instance, it was in Saint-Basile that ecclesiastical events were recorded. Later, the church of Ste-Luce (Frenchville) was built, then the one in Saint-François (1859) and finally the ones in Saintt-Hilaire (1869) and Clair (1889). At that time, the means of transport being rudimentary, it was necessary to wait for the arrival of the priest. I do not know how many of these religious events were celebrated on the spot or in the churches themselves.

(5) The Haffords lived on both sides of the Saint John River.

(6) If the Haffords are not very present in the ecclesiastical registers, it is possible to know their way through the censuses, extremely valuable documents in genealogy even though they lack precision about birth dates given by the parents. The descendants of John I & Mary Grant certainly found ecclesiastical documents in Maine when they went on site. They have information that is currently not found on Ancestry.

(7) Be that as it may, the Haffords mentioned in the censuses above are well known to their descendants, thanks to their efforts. However, as for other families, the same name was passed from father to son, which complicates the task in genealogy. Also, the current name assigned to an individual did not always match the name on the baptismal certificate. To make matters worse, the American censors often did a poor job of writing the French names given to several children of the Hafford family.

The Hafford descendants paid less attention to the Hafford of New Brunswick. With the help of the Poitras Register of St. Francis, we can improve their family tree.

All the Haffords named in the Poitras Register of Saint-François NB have as their ancestor John Hafford & Mary Grant. Since some are descendants of their sons, it was difficult to create a document similar to the ones I was use to do. Nevertheless, I present you a small table of the first Haffords to tread the soil of Madawaska. I also took advantage of the Poitras Register of St. Francois NB to share all the Hafford baptisms. I repeat: there were no Hafford weddings on the Canadian side. 

If the genealogist, Jean-Guy Poitras, did not find any, it simply means that they don’t exist.
3. Relationships
This section was especially prepared for the managers of family trees of the Hafford family. The majority of them live in Maine USA. I went through most of their trees to be able to do my work. Few of these managers were aware of the documents available in New Brunswick about some of their family members. 

The Poitras Register of St-François NB lists all of them. So, I decided to detailed every entry. Behind each of these entries, there are people, people who have done great things for the Upper Saint-John Valley, on both sides of the river.

Doing this, it brought me to find all the documents previously consulted by those tree managers. A second look, sometimes, is helpful. I went a little further and I think that the following tables will be helpful in more than one ways.

For instance, in one census, a girl was listed in a family. Up to now, nobody had noticed that she was not a daughter, but a niece. I hope to receive messages from the managers so that we can keep on improving on the genealogy of their family.

I am particularly interested in knowing where the lands owned by John I and his two sons, John II and Phineas, were located in the North side of the river (from Connors to Clair). 

Obviously, many Hafford got married with French-speaking residents on both sides of the St. John river. Going through censuses, it is obvious that, early in the development of the Upper St. John region, many Acadians and Quebecers were numerous in the northern part of Maine. That should be no news for all of you.

I do not include all the available documents. I am merely trying to publish some that might not have been already found by the family trees managers. On demand, it would be a pleasure to find some more. 
 John Hafford II, married to Martha McKinney,
had John I & Mary Grant as parents.
 John «Black» Hafford, married to Jane Diamond,
had Phineas & Mary Thompson as parents
and John I & Mary Grant as grandparents.
Domithilde Michaud was the daughter
of Germain & Lucie Couturier
The following children of William & Louise Emery
were baptized in St-François NB:
Charles, Alice, Percy, Mary, Rosanna & Mattie. 
The other ones were identified 
from american censuses and Hafford family trees.
Apart from Oliver (Calvin L.), all the children were baptized
in St-François NB as reported in the Poitras Register.
Daniel & Melindy had the following four children
baptized in St-François NB:
Domithilde, Mary Jane, Léonie & Jean.
I picked up the other ones from the family trees
and various censuses.
I wasn't able to link this couple with certainty 
to the Hafford Family
like the other ones mentioned in the Poitras Register.
4. Baptisms published the Poitras Register of Saint-François NB.

Birth of Philomène Plourde,
daughter of Ignace & Émilie Lizot,
in Saint-Basile on February 24th 1839.

Birth of Louise Hafford,
daughter of Gerry & Philomène Plourde,
in St-François NB on February 15 1871.

Melindy (Mélinda) Gendreau was baptized in Frenchville ME
on July 29th 1868 (born of the 23rd),
daughter of François & Lydia Thomas.
The family of Melinda Gendreau
in the 1881 Canadian census in St-François NB.

John & Sarah Walker had two of their childre
baptized in St-François NB:
James Daniel & John Todd.
Document published in GENI
Baptism of John Hafford,
son of John & Sarah Walker,
in Frenchville ME on January 28th 1868
and born two months earlier.
Marriage de Caroline Hafford & Leanard Oulton,
daughter of John & Sarah Walker,
in Allagash ME in 1897.
5. The period from 1790 to 1850
Marriage of John Hafford I & Mary Grant
in Fairfield ME on May 28th 1792.
1870 american census
of the Randall & Mary Thompson family.
Birth of Domithilde Michaud,
daughter of Germain & Lucie Couturier,
in St-Basile-Basile NB on June 19th 1823.
1830 Canadian census in in the Upper region of Madawaska
(Victoria county at the time)
NOTE. Electus was a neighbor of the Haffords which could prove that the Haffords were living in Connors NB.
1830 american census
of the family of John Hafford II
born in 1794.
Death of John Hafford in St-François NB
on December 14th 1868,
son of John I & Mary Grant.
6. Period from 1851 to 1900
1851 canadian census in St-François NB
for the family of Melinda Gendreau.
1860 american census
of John Hafford & Martha McKinney family.
Baptism of Marie Hafford,
daughter of John & Domithilde Michaud,
in Frenchville ME on July 25th 1856,
born six or ten years earlier.
I believe it is six years earlier.
Baptism of Jean (John) Hafford,
son of John & Domithilde Michaud,
in Frenchville ME on July 25th 1856,
born nine years earlier.
Baptism of Elizabeth Hafford,
daughter of William & Louise Emery,
in Frenchville ME on July 26th 1856,
born eight months earlier.
It is also indicated that she is from St-François NB.
Baptism of Daniel Hafford,
son of John II & Domithilde Michaud,
in Frenchville ME on March 13th 1861.
Same event
Baptism of Nora Hafford,
daughter of William (Bill) & Louise Emery,
in Frenchville ME on September 6th 1863.
Same event
Baptism of Elizabeth & Marie Hafford,
daughters of Samuel & Lucienda Diamond,
in Saint-François NB on July 2nd 1868.
Baptism of Marie Luce Hafford,
daughter of Johnny & Sara Gendreau,
in Saint-François NB on June 14th 1868.
Baptism of John Hafford,
son of John & Sarah Walker,
in Saint-François NB on June 28th 1868.
Baptism of James Daniel Hafford,
son of John & Mary Walker,
in St-François NB on May 22th 1869.
Naissance de James Daniel Hafford,
Baptism of Marie Evelyn Anctil dit St-Jean,
married to Gerry (Germain) Hafford,
in Mont-Carmel , Kamouraska Qc
on March 21st 1893.
1920 american census in Fort Kent ME
about Gerry Hafford & Evelyn St-Jean.
Death of Evelyn St-Jean,
wife of Gerry Hafford,
in Fort Kent ME on March 2nd 1922.
She was right about her birthday.
Death of Daniel Hafford,
son of John & Martha McKinney,
in Fort Kent ME on November 26th 1897.
William J. Hafford in FindAGrave.
1860 american census in Fort Kent Me.
Amanda was the daughter of Domithilde Michaud
1870 census in Aroostook ME
of Randall Hafford & Mary Thompson.
Their two sons, Samuel & John,
are their neighbors.
1880 american census
of John & Sarah Walker family.
1880 american census in Allagash ME
of John «Black» Hafford & Jane Diamond family.
1851 canadian census in Restigouche
of the family of Lucinda Diamond.
1880 american census
Death of John Hafford,
son of John L. & Sarah Walker,
born in 1884 and deceased at the age of 15
in Fort Kent ME. This document comes from
the Anglican Church in Quebec City.
Same event published in PRDH.
Birth of Jerry M. Hafford,
son of Jerry (Germain) Hafford & Philomène Plourde,
in Fort Kent ME on January 21st 1873.
Birth of William Hafford,
son of Jerry & Philomène Plourde,
in Fort Kent ME on December 1st 1875.
1920 american census in Allagash ME.
1870 american census
of Gerry Hafford & Philomène Plourde family
in Fort Kent ME.
1870 american Census in Allagash ME.
Death of Mary Hafford,
daughter of John & Martha McKinney,
in Fort Kent ME in February 1896.
Marriage of Calvin L. (Olivier) Hafford,
son of Gerry & Philomène Plourde,
in Fort Kent ME on December 27th 1899.
Birth of Delia Hafford,
daughter of Gerry & Philomène Plourde,
in Fort Kent ME on November 3rd 1878.
7. Period from 1901 to 2000
Birth of Mary Sadie,
daughter of Daniel & Melinda Gendreau,
in Caribou ME on April 2nd 1901.
Death of Mary Sadie Hafford,
daughter of Daniel & Melinda Gendreau,
in Caribou ME on April 24th 1901.
1900 american census in Allagash ME
1900 american census in Allagash ME
 1900 american census in Allagash ME
 1900 american census in Allagash ME
1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
 1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
 1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
 1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
 1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
 1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
1910 american census taken in Allagash ME
of John L. Hafford & Sarah Walker family.
1920 american census in Allagash
of John L. Hafford & Sarah Walker family.
1930 american census
of Daniel Hafford & Annie A. Walker,
second wife of Daniel.
Marriage of Thomas Michaud & Ethel Hafford,
daughter of Gerry & Philomène Plourde,
in Fort Kent ME on June 22nd 1903.
Death of Minnie Hafford-Holmes,
daughter of  John L. & Sarah Walker,
in Dickey ME on January 5th 1915.
Presence of John L. Hafford,
aged 74 in Allagash ME in 1920.
Death of William Hafford,
son of John & Martha McKinney
& husband of Louise Emery,
in Fort Kent ME on March 5th 1909.
Death of Gerry (Germain) Hafford,
son of John II & Martha McKinney,
in Fort Kent ME on July 8th 1919.
John Todd Hafford 1869-1932
8. Pictures in Ancestry
published by various members of the Hafford family.
 Amanda Hafford
 Left, Caroline Afford
 Hampton Laurence Hafford
 John Todd Hafford
 Lucinda Diamond with family in Saint-Léonard NB.
 Lucinda Diamond
She was born in Addington Restigouche NB
 Mary Jane Hafford
Matilda Gardner





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